Rotary engine



(No Model.)

C. P. JANSSN.

ROTARY ENGINE.

I Patented Mar. 10,. 1885.

@vil/ll To all whom/ t may concern/ Ain the county of Hillsborough and State of New @Ntra Sra'res .Arena rtree.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATON `forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,500, dated March l0, 1885.

Application filed November 17, 1884. (No model.)

Be it known that I, CARL F. JANssoN, a citizen of Sweden, now residing at Manchester,

Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines; and I do hereby declare that the same are fully described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in rotary engines, and it is carried out as follows, reference being had to the accompanydrawings, where- Figure l represents a sectional end elevation ofthe improved rotary engine. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal section on the line A B, (shown in Fig. 1,) and Fig. 3 represents a cross-section on the line C D. (Shown in Fig. 2.)

Similar letters refer to similar parts whereever they occur on the different -parts of the drawings.

a represents the frame or shell of the engine, to the ends of which are secured, in a suitable manner, the heads b b. The shell a contains in its lower end the cylindricallybored-out piston-chamber a', and in its upper end the cylindrically-boredout abutmentchamber a, which chambers are in open communication with each other, as is common in rotary engines.

lVithin the piston-chamber a is located the piston-cylinder c, upon the driving-shaft c', to which it is keyed or otherwise firmly secured, and said shaft projects through and has its bearings in the stuffing-boxes b b in the heads b b, as shown in Fig. 1.

Vithin the abutment-chamber a is located the abutment-cylinder d upon the shaft d', to which it is keyed or otherwise firmly secured, and said shaft projects through and has its bearings in the stuffing-boxes b b in the heads b b, as shown.

rlhe piston-cylinder c is provided with a pair of diametrically-opposite radial grooves, c" c", in which are tted the respective radial pistonsc3 c, to the outer ends of which are secured the respective cylindrical projections c4 c4, the latter being preferably secured to said radial pistons by dovetailed projections and recesses, as shown in Fig. 2, although they may be attached in any other desirable or wellknown manner. The extreme outer surfaces of said cylindrical projections or piston-heads c4 are intended to touch against the inside of the cylindrical piston-chamber a', so as to effect a steam-tight connection between such parts without binding, and if leakage of steam should occur between such surfaces by the wearing out of the surfaces in contact the pis-l pensate for such wear by means of the keys c5 c5, located in the bottom of the radial grooves c" c, after which the keys c5 are to be secured in place by means of set-screws cG c, or equivalent fastening device, and if it is found necessary additional set-screws may be added to secure the pistons c3 to the piston-cylinder c after said pistons have been adjusted.

The abutment-cylinder d is constructed as follows: It is provided on its outer periphery with a number of recesses, d d, wide enough to permitthe cylindrical projections c* to enter them, while the pistons and their end projections pass by the abutment-cylinder, and while in such position and motion the cylindrical projections c* are to iit as nearly steamtight as is possible within the successive recesses d d, to prevent escape at this point. Midway between each pair of successive recesses d d is made a concavity, d, on the periphery of abutment-cylinder d, as shown in Fig. 2, such concavity being made equal in curvature to the conveXity of piston-cylinder c, so as to fit against the surface of the latter and to effect a steam-tight connection between such surfaces, except when the pistons and their cylindrical projections pass by the abutment-chamber, at which time the steam-tight connection is accomplished by the cylindrical projection c4 movingl within the recess el on the abutment-cylinder d.

At the sides of each recess d, between it and the respective concavities d3 d3, are made on the exterior of the abutmentcylinder d the surfaces dL d", such surfaces being turned to fit steam-tight within the abutment-cham- V6o tons c3 c3 may be expanded outwardly to comber a to prevent the steam from passing beportions c7 c7 on the exterior of the piston-cylinder c, such concave recesses being located on each side of the respective pistons c3 c3, and they are made of a curvature equal to the interior bore of the abutment-chamber a, so as to prevent escape of steam while the projections d* roll onto said concavities c7, when the pistons pass by and actuate the abutmentcylinder.

In the shell or frame a around the abutmentchamber a are made two passages, e and f, leading from the steam-chest g to the pistonchamber a', where it adjoins the abutmentchamber a, and either of said passages e and f may be the inlet and outlets for the steam, according to the direction in which the engine is to run. In the drawings in Fig. 2 the passage e is shown as being the steam-inlet andthe passage f as being the exhaust.

The steam-chest g has at one place a steaminlet, g', leading from the boiler or other steamsupply, as usual, and within the steamchest g is located a suitable slide-valve, g, similar to such as are ordinarily used on steam-engines, such slide-valve being provided with a rod, g3, and lever, gt, or other well-known device for reversing its position, according to the direction in which the engine is to run.

h is the exhaust-port leading from the steamchest g to the exhaust-branch h, to permit the exhaust-steam to escape after it has passed as live steam through the engine.

Vhere the steam -passages c and f enter the piston-chamber a they are connected to the abutment-chamber a by means ofthe respective transverse passages c and f', to permit the live steam to be admitted back of the pistons before they reach the desired steam-inlet, (according to the direction in which the engine is running,) and thus prevent adead-center during any portion of the revolution of the piston-cylinder.

The motor may be used for steam or water power, as may be desired, and with a slight modification as a pump without departing from the essence of my invention. I f the motor is to be run in one direction only-as, for instance, when usedin place of a stationary engine or turbine -or water-motor-the slide-valve and reversing mechanism may be dispensed with, and in such a case one passage, e, may be used constantly as an inlet, and the other passage, f, as an exhaust, or vice versa.

The operation of this, my improved rotary engine, is as follows: Supposing the slide-valve g to be held in the position shown in Fig. 2, and steam or water admitted through passage e, it will cause the piston-cylinder o to move around its axis in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 2, and when one of the pistons c3 approaches the passage e the steam or water will pass through transverse passage c into the nearest recess d in abutment cylinder d, and by acting back of said piston and its cylindrical head c4 will cause a continuous motion of the piston-cylinder c without producing any dead-.center during the revolution of said cylinder and its pistons, the steam or water in front of the pistons being ejected through the exhaust-passage f into slide-valve g and out through exhaust-branch h. During the rotation of thepiston-cylinder c, when any one of its piston-heads c4 approaches the abutmentcylinder d, such head c4 will enter a corresponding recess, d, in abutment-cylinder d, and by a continuation of the motion the abutment-cylinder d will be moved one-fifth of a revolution, if its recesses are five in number, and a corresponding distance according Ato its number of recesses, by whichleakage of steam or water is prevented during such passage in part by the head c fitting into recess d", and partly by the projections d4 fitting into the con cave recesses c7 on piston-cylinder c, as heretofore described. At all times, except when the pistons c3 pass by the abutment-chamber, the abutment-cylinder d remains stationary, and one ot' its concavities, d, lies against the cylindrical surface of cylinder c, as shown in Fig. 2, by which leakage of steam or water is prevented during such motion.

Having thus fully described the nature, con struction, and operation of my invention, I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claim- 1. In a rotary engine, the shell a, having cylindrical piston chamber a and abutmentchamber a opening into each other, combined Lwith pistoncylinder c, its pistons c'i c3, and

their cylindrical heads c4 c, the abutment-cylinder cl, with its recesses d", surface concavities d3, and intermediate projections, d, and in and out let passages e e f f leading to piston-ch amber c', as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The piston-cylinder c, having pistons ca c3 c* c4 and concave recesses cT c7 on each side of said-pistons, in combination with abutmentcylinder d, having recesses d, outer concavities, d3, and intermediate projections, d4, for the purpose of preventing escape of steam or water during the revolution of the engine, in a manner as herein set forth and described.

3. In combination with the pistoncylinder c, its pistons c3 c4, andthe abutment-cylinder d, constructed in a manner as described, the inlet and outlet c and f, with their respective transverse channels cf, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL F. JANSSON.

Vitnesses:

I. C. PETTERssoN, SVEN. A. J oHANsoN.

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